"Nobody likes “price gouging,” but choices are always between alternatives. How else but higher prices are we going to decide who gets the short supply? The alternative to rationing by price is rationing by waiting in line, or by political preference. Or by who you know.
Paying higher prices is a reduction in your real income, and nobody likes that. But with less to go around, our collective real income is lower, no matter what the government does about it. The government can only transfer resources, not create them. And all the fixes to price gouging make the shortage worse, by discouraging people to cut back on demand or bring in new supplies.
Yet the cultural and moral disapproval of price gouging is strong. Going back thousands of years, people (and theologians) have felt that charging more than whatever they had gotten accustomed to is immoral, especially if the merchant happened to have an inventory purchased in an earlier time. This “just price” moral feeling surely motivates a lot of the anti price-gouging campaign. Economics has only understood how virtuous price gouging is in the last 250 years" (The Grumpy Economist)