My advice and opinion: Let it go. Move on. Life is too short. You haven't described any systematic patterns of behavior that are actionable. Those in this thread telling you to pursue legal action are leading you down a road to frustration and ultimate defeat.
I'm also not advising that you forget about this experience. You should use it as an opportunity to look at your own behavior to see if there was anything you could do differently in the future.
In a long career, you will probably have a few places on your resume that might be considered bad choices as you look back. We all have them. Bad employment experiences (and job interviews as well) can be learning experiences that you can take with you in the future. Take some time to look back at the entire interaction with this company, including your initial interview. Were there any red flags that you see now that didn't stand out at the time? Are there any questions you could have asked in the interview that would help you avoid this type of situation again?
One thing that stood out to me in your OP was that you said "I was open with everyone at work". While I would never advise anyone to be in the closet, perhaps being too open, too soon, with everyone made other people uncomfortable. You should be VERY selective about the co-workers you choose to confide in about the personal details of your life. Remember, you're there to work, not socialize. I know that others will disagree, but I strongly recommend keeping personal life separate from professional life. I received this advice from a straight friend years ago and have repeated it to straight friends as well as gay friends and it has served me well. For the majority of your co-workers, you should not reveal that you're gay. It's none of their business and it has nothing to do with the work you're there to do. It's just not professional. They're co-workers, not friends. Don't blur those boundaries. And don't say "If they have a problem with me being gay, it's their problem." No, it's YOUR problem because you have to work with them. The conversations with co-workers you've described sound inappropriate for the workplace, to me. Don't participate. Maintaining your professional reputation should be one of your highest priorities. I feel this would work for you in the future, especially if you feel your co-workers were part of this discrimination.
One thing I didn't see in your OP was how you viewed your own job performance and the value you feel you added to the company. They didn't discuss any performance issues with you in 7 months. Even 3 months is too long to go without any feedback on your performance. Some companies don't do regular performance reviews or do them badly. Did you ever ask your supervisor for a performance review, either formal or casual? If it's not a regular thing in this company to have one-on-one meetings with your supervisor to discuss these things, be proactive and ask for it. Ask "How am I doing?", "What can I do better?". Be prepared for a negative response, but use it to modify your own behavior. The fact that you're asking will be viewed positively by your supervisor.
Finally, do NOT make any negative comments on social media. This will not hurt the company and can only come back to bite you in the future. It's common now for employers to do social media searches when hiring prospective new employees. This advice especially true if you're not yet ready to put an end to your career and head blissfully into world of retirement.
That's my advice for anyone building a career. For you, put a period on this, but use it as a learning experience for the future. You can take something positive from this experience if you're honest with yourself as you think about these 7 months. And I apologize if I read anything between the lines that's just not there.