Not really an issue in Europe as surcharging is essentially banned for consumer transactions - so they're not allowed to charge more but not obligated to take cards.
This is coupled with a much lower interchange fee cap of 0.03% for credit and 0.02% for debit cards than the US means merchant fees are generally lower.
You usually see cash only if it's a takeaway, barbers or just before a larger store goes bust as their bank has withdrawn card processing.